| Infectious Disease | Causative Agent |
| Acinetobacter infections | Acinetobacter baumannii |
| Actinomycosis | Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae and Propionibacterium propionicus |
| African sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis) | Trypanosoma brucei |
| AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) | HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) |
| Amebiasis | Entamoeba histolytica |
| Anaplasmosis | Anaplasma genus |
| Anthrax | Bacillus anthracis |
| Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection | Arcanobacterium haemolyticum |
| Argentine hemorrhagic fever | Junin virus |
| Ascariasis | Ascaris lumbricoides |
| Aspergillosis | Aspergillus genus |
| Astrovirus infection | Astroviridae family |
| Babesiosis | Babesia genus |
| Bacillus cereus infection | Bacillus cereus |
| Bacterial pneumonia | multiple bacteria |
| Bacterial vaginosis (BV) | multiple bacteria |
| Bacteroides infection | Bacteroides genus |
| Balantidiasis | Balantidium coli |
| Baylisascaris infection | Baylisascaris genus |
| BK virus infection | BK virus |
| Black piedra | Piedraia hortae |
| Blastocystis hominis infection | Blastocystis hominis |
| Blastomycosis | Blastomyces dermatitidis |
| Bolivian hemorrhagic fever | Machupo virus |
| Borrelia infection | Borrelia genus |
| Botulism (and Infant botulism) | Clostridium botulinum; Note: Botulism is not an infection by Clostridium botulinum but caused by the intake of botulinum toxin. |
| Brazilian hemorrhagic fever | Sabia |
| Brucellosis | Brucella genus |
| Burkholderia infection | usually Burkholderia cepacia and other Burkholderia species |
| Buruli ulcer | Mycobacterium ulcerans |
| Calicivirus infection (Norovirus and Sapovirus) | Caliciviridae family |
| Campylobacteriosis | Campylobacter genus |
| Candidiasis (Moniliasis; Thrush) | usually Candida albicans and other Candida species |
| Cat-scratch disease | Bartonella henselae |
| Cellulitis | usually Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus |
| Chagas Disease (American trypanosomiasis) | Trypanosoma cruzi |
| Chancroid | Haemophilus ducreyi |
| Chickenpox | Varicella zoster virus (VZV) |
| Chlamydia | Chlamydia trachomatis |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection | Chlamydophila pneumoniae |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae |
| Chromoblastomycosis | usually Fonsecaea pedrosoi |
| Clonorchiasis | Clonorchis sinensis |
| Clostridium difficile infection | Clostridium difficile |
| Coccidioidomycosis | Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii |
| Colorado tick fever (CTF) | Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV) |
| Common cold (Acute viral rhinopharyngitis; Acute coryza) | usually rhinoviruses and coronaviruses. |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) | CJD prion |
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus |
| Cryptococcosis | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Cryptosporidiosis | Cryptosporidium genus |
| Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) | usually Ancylostoma braziliense; multiple other parasites |
| Cyclosporiasis | Cyclospora cayetanensis |
| Cysticercosis | Taenia solium |
| Cytomegalovirus infection | Cytomegalovirus |
| Dengue fever | Dengue viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4) – Flaviviruses |
| Dientamoebiasis | Dientamoeba fragilis |
| Diphtheria | Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| Diphyllobothriasis | Diphyllobothrium |
| Dracunculiasis | Dracunculus medinensis |
| Ebola hemorrhagic fever | Ebolavirus (EBOV) |
| Echinococcosis | Echinococcus genus |
| Ehrlichiosis | Ehrlichia genus |
| Enterobiasis (Pinworm infection) | Enterobius vermicularis |
| Enterococcus infection | Enterococcus genus |
| Enterovirus infection | Enterovirus genus |
| Epidemic typhus | Rickettsia prowazekii |
| Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease) | Parvovirus B19 |
| Exanthem subitum | Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) |
| Fasciolopsiasis | Fasciolopsis buski |
| Fasciolosis | Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica |
| Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) | FFI prion |
| Filariasis | Filarioidea superfamily |
| Food poisoning by Clostridium perfringens | Clostridium perfringens |
| Free-living amebic infection | multiple |
| Fusobacterium infection | Fusobacterium genus |
| Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis) | usually Clostridium perfringens; other Clostridium species |
| Geotrichosis | Geotrichum candidum |
| Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) | GSS prion |
| Giardiasis | Giardia intestinalis |
| Glanders | Burkholderia mallei |
| Gnathostomiasis | Gnathostoma spinigerum and Gnathostoma hispidum |
| Gonorrhea | Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| Granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis) | Klebsiella granulomatis |
| Group A streptococcal infection | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Group B streptococcal infection | Streptococcus agalactiae |
| Haemophilus influenzae infection | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) | Enteroviruses, mainly Coxsackie A virus and Enterovirus 71 (EV71) |
| Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) | Sin Nombre virus |
| Helicobacter pylori infection | Helicobacter pylori |
| Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) | Escherichia coli O157:H7 |
| Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) | Bunyaviridae family |
| Hepatitis A | Hepatitis A Virus |
| Hepatitis B | Hepatitis B Virus |
| Hepatitis C | Hepatitis C Virus |
| Hepatitis D | Hepatitis D Virus |
| Hepatitis E | Hepatitis E Virus |
| Herpes simplex | Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) |
| Histoplasmosis | Histoplasma capsulatum |
| Hookworm infection | Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus |
| Human bocavirus infection | Human bocavirus (HBoV) |
| Human ewingii ehrlichiosis | Ehrlichia ewingii |
| Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) | Anaplasma phagocytophilum |
| Human metapneumovirus infection | Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) |
| Human monocytic ehrlichiosis | Ehrlichia chaffeensis |
| Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection | Human papillomavirus (HPV) |
| Human parainfluenza virus infection | Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) |
| Hymenolepiasis | Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta |
| Epstein-Barr Virus Infectious Mononucleosis (Mono) | Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) |
| Influenza (flu) | Orthomyxoviridae family |
| Isosporiasis | Isospora belli |
| Kawasaki disease | unknown; evidence supports that it is infectious |
| Keratitis | multiple |
| Kingella kingae infection | Kingella kingae |
| Kuru | Kuru prion |
| Lassa fever | Lassa virus |
| Legionellosis (Legionnaires’ disease) | Legionella pneumophila |
| Legionellosis (Pontiac fever) | Legionella pneumophila |
| Leishmaniasis | Leishmania genus |
| Leprosy | Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis |
| Leptospirosis | Leptospira genus |
| Listeriosis | Listeria monocytogenes |
| Lyme disease (Lyme borreliosis) | usually Borrelia burgdorferi and other Borrelia species |
| Lymphatic filariasis (Elephantiasis) | Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi |
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis | Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) |
| Malaria | Plasmodium genus |
| Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) | Marburg virus |
| Measles | Measles virus |
| Melioidosis (Whitmore’s disease) | Burkholderia pseudomallei |
| Meningitis | multiple |
| Meningococcal disease | Neisseria meningitidis |
| Metagonimiasis | usually Metagonimus yokagawai |
| Microsporidiosis | Microsporidia phylum |
| Molluscum contagiosum (MC) | Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) |
| Mumps | Mumps virus |
| Murine typhus (Endemic typhus) | Rickettsia typhi |
| Mycoplasma pneumonia | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Mycetoma | numerous species of bacteria (Actinomycetoma) and fungi (Eumycetoma) |
| Myiasis | parasitic dipterous fly larvae |
| Neonatal conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia neonatorum) | most commonly Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| (New) Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD, nvCJD) | vCJD prion |
| Nocardiosis | usually Nocardia asteroides and other Nocardia species |
| Onchocerciasis (River blindness) | Onchocerca volvulus |
| Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American blastomycosis) | Paracoccidioides brasiliensis |
| Paragonimiasis | usually Paragonimus westermani and other Paragonimus species |
| Pasteurellosis | Pasteurella genus |
| Pediculosis capitis (Head lice) | Pediculus humanus capitis |
| Pediculosis corporis (Body lice) | Pediculus humanus corporis |
| Pediculosis pubis (Pubic lice, Crab lice) | Phthirus pubis |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | multiple |
| Pertussis (Whooping cough) | Bordetella pertussis |
| Plague | Yersinia pestis |
| Pneumococcal infection | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) | Pneumocystis jirovecii |
| Pneumonia | multiple |
| Poliomyelitis | Poliovirus |
| Prevotella infection | Prevotella genus |
| Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) | usually Naegleria fowleri |
| Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy | JC virus |
| Psittacosis | Chlamydophila psittaci |
| Q fever | Coxiella burnetii |
| Rabies | Rabies virus |
| Rat-bite fever | Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus |
| Respiratory syncytial virus infection | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) |
| Rhinosporidiosis | Rhinosporidium seeberi |
| Rhinovirus infection | Rhinovirus |
| Rickettsial infection | Rickettsia genus |
| Rickettsialpox | Rickettsia akari |
| Rift Valley fever (RVF) | Rift Valley fever virus |
| Rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF) | Rickettsia rickettsii |
| Rotavirus infection | Rotavirus |
| Rubella | Rubella virus |
| Salmonellosis | Salmonella genus |
| SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) | SARS coronavirus |
| Scabies | Sarcoptes scabiei |
| Schistosomiasis | Schistosoma genus |
| Sepsis | multiple |
| Shigellosis (Bacillary dysentery) | Shigella genus |
| Shingles (Herpes zoster) | Varicella zoster virus (VZV) |
| Smallpox (Variola) | Variola major or Variola minor |
| Sporotrichosis | Sporothrix schenckii |
| Staphylococcal food poisoning | Staphylococcus genus |
| Staphylococcal infection | Staphylococcus genus |
| Strongyloidiasis | Strongyloides stercoralis |
| Syphilis | Treponema pallidum |
| Taeniasis | Taenia genus |
| Tetanus (Lockjaw) | Clostridium tetani |
| Tinea barbae (Barber’s itch) | usually Trichophyton genus |
| Tinea capitis (Ringworm of the Scalp) | usually Trichophyton tonsurans |
| Tinea corporis (Ringworm of the Body) | usually Trichophyton genus |
| Tinea cruris (Jock itch) | usually Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes |
| Tinea manuum (Ringworm of the Hand) | Trichophyton rubrum |
| Tinea nigra | usually Hortaea werneckii |
| Tinea pedis (Athlete’s foot) | usually Trichophyton genus |
| Tinea unguium (Onychomycosis) | usually Trichophyton genus |
| Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor) | Malassezia genus |
| Toxocariasis (Ocular Larva Migrans (OLM)) | Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati |
| Toxocariasis (Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM)) | Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati |
| Toxoplasmosis | Toxoplasma gondii |
| Trichinellosis | Trichinella spiralis |
| Trichomoniasis | Trichomonas vaginalis |
| Trichuriasis (Whipworm infection) | Trichuris trichiura |
| Tuberculosis | usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Tularemia | Francisella tularensis |
| Ureaplasma urealyticum infection | Ureaplasma urealyticum |
| Venezuelan equine encephalitis | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus |
| Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever | Guanarito virus |
| Viral pneumonia | multiple viruses |
| West Nile Fever | West Nile virus |
| White piedra (Tinea blanca) | Trichosporon beigelii |
| Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
| Yersiniosis | Yersinia enterocolitica |
| Yellow fever | Yellow fever virus |
| Zygomycosis | Mucorales order (Mucormycosis) and Entomophthorales order (Entomophthoramycosis) |